All about Google and Search Engine Tools Made Simple
It’s a fact, search engines can be extremely confusing things. After all, search engines are run by extremely complicated software and take the interaction and maintenance of hundreds of people in some cases to run smoothly so learning how they work and how they rank your website can be an extremely difficult thing to figure out.
What can be even more confusing is that every search engine and directory has a different way that they rank websites. This is what makes each search engine unique and valuable in their own right.
While there is no way to know everything about how each search engines rank and analyze your pages you can get a grasp of some of the basic concepts behind the operation of search engines and directories that will allow you to position the pages of your website a bit better.
Once you realize the general nature of how a search engine works you will have an upper hand in gearing your pages towards high rankings.
Each search engine has something called an algorithm which is the formula that each search engine uses to evaluate web pages and determine their relevance and value when they’re crawling sites for possible inclusion in their sear engine. A crawler is the robot that browses all of these pages for the search engine.
Google’s Algorithm As An Example
Google has a comprehensive and highly developed technology, a straightforward interface and a wide-ranging array of search tools which enable the users to easily access a variety of information online. Google users can browse the web and find information in various languages, retrieve maps, stock quotes and read news, search for a long lost friend using the phonebook listings available on Google for all of US cities and basically surf the 3 billion odd web pages on the internet!
Google boasts of having world’s largest archive of Usenet messages, dating all the way back to 1981. Google’s technology can be accessed from any conventional desktop PC as well as from various wireless platforms such as WAP and i-mode phones, handheld PDA devices and newer such Internet equipped gadgets like the I-Phone.
The web search technology offered by Google is often the technology of choice of the world’s leading portals and websites. It has also benefited the advertisers with its unique advertising program that does not hamper the web surfing experience of its users but still brings revenues to the advertisers.
When you search for a particular keyword or a phrase, most of the search engines return a list of page in order of the number of times the keyword or phrase appears on the website. Google web search technology involves the use of its indigenously designed PageRank Technology and hypertext-matching analysis which makes several instantaneous calculations undertaken without any human intervention. Google’s structural design also expands simultaneously as the internet expands.
<!--[if !vml]-->PageRank technology involves the use of an equation which comprises of millions of variables and terms and determines a factual measurement of the significance of web pages and is calculated by solving an equation of 500 million variables and more than 3 billion terms.
Unlike some other search engines, Google does not calculate links but utilizes the extensive link structure of the web as an organizational tool. When the link to a Page, lets say Site B is clicked from a Site A, then that click is attributed as a vote towards Site B on behalf of Site A. If Site A is a high ranked site, their “vote” for Site B carries even more weight. (Remember Back Links and Page Rank.)
Quintessentially, Google calculates the importance of a page by the number of such ‘votes’ it receive. Not only that, Google also assesses the importance of the pages that are involved in the voting process. Consequently, pages that are themselves ahead in ranking and are important in that way also help to make other pages important. One thing to note here is that Google’s technology does not involve human intervention in anyway and uses the inherent intelligence of the internet and its resources to determine the ranking and importance of any page.
Hypertext-Matching Analysis:
Unlike its conventional counterparts, Google is a search engine which is hypertext-based. This means that it analyzes all the content on each web page and factors in fonts, subdivisions, and the exact positions of all terms on the page. Not only that, Google also evaluates the content of its nearest web pages. This policy of not disregarding any subject matter pays off in the end and enables Google to return results that are closest to user queries.
Google has a very simple 3-step procedure in handling a query submitted in its search box.
When the query is submitted and the enter key is pressed, the web server sends the query to the index servers. Index server is exactly what its name suggests; it consists of an index much like the index of a book which displays where is the particular page containing the queried term is located in the entire book.
After this, the query proceeds to the doc servers, and these servers actually retrieve the stored documents. Page descriptions or “snippets” are then generated to suitably describe each search result.
These results are then returned to the user in less than a second!
Approximately once a month, Google update their index by recalculating the Pageranks of each of the web pages that they have crawled. The period during the update is known as the Google dance.
More On The Google Dance
The Google Dance, which occurs every thirty days or so, is monitored by webmasters and online business owners because of the changes made to page ranking. Because there are hundreds of new websites added to search engines each month, Google sends out web spiders that index each website through page titles, keywords, descriptions, and links to and from other sites. During this period, over 10,000 servers are checked for new and existing websites one at a time per GOOGLE data center, which makes the process a long one.
In order for Google to accomplish this task, they have created multiple data centers located around the world that record information. It has been rumored that Google has also created two test websites called test domains www2 and www3 that review each website to make sure there are no flaws in their indexing system. If there are errors, the index is scrapped and web spiders are sent out again to collect information. Once the index has been checked, it is released to the public to search.
Web spiders are small programs or 'bots' that check all websites and their pages that are listed with a search engine. The best way to begin increasing your web ranking is to register your site with various search engines so your site can be counted when the Google Dance begins. NOTE: Making a site map available will allow GOOGLE bots to index more of your web site pages and more effectively. Web spiders read each page in a site and use hyperlinks to go from page to page. When designing your website, make sure you include hyperlinks to other pages on your site. Spiders will also read all titles, meta tags, and links to other websites. Once spiders are done reading your website, it will be indexed and included on search engine result pages.
Why does Google go through all this trouble when indexing websites? There are many answers to this question. The most obvious is the number of new websites that appear each month. In order give every website an equal shot at being listed near the top in search engine result pages, all websites must be acknowledged by Google's search engine. This is why web spiders are sent out each month. Once a list has been compiled, each website must be indexed to make it easier for searches to be conducted.
The second reason is to ensure that websites have an equal opportunity to receive a higher listing. Because there are a few ways to increase web rank, web spiders much also acknowledge when websites have made improvements to their sites, when they have added pages, links, and additional keywords.
Webmasters and others who monitor Internet activity wait for results each month from Google to see where their sites will be ranked and which methods to use next to improve them. It is unlikely that a top ranking website will remain there for long, so online marketing companies and others must keep improving their marketing techniques in order to receive a high ranking.
The third reason why Google conducts the Google Dance is to ensure that there are no rules to follow when creating a website and increasing web ranking. If there were rules, then how could each site receive top billing on search engine result pages? By changing their algorithm each month, Google is able to maintain a steady flow of web traffic by including certain marketing techniques and excluding others. While there are many online marketing strategists that are able to figure out ways to increase web rank, these techniques are often only good for a few months or less.
In addition to performing the dance each month, Google allows indexes to be viewed by the public and offers Google dance tools to make it easier to determine which pages will land on the top of most searches for the month. If you are new to online marketing, you should learn more about what it takes to create a site that ranks high on result pages and how to maintain your ranking.
You can use the Google Dance tool to check your web ranking in different countries, and in different data centers. This tool should be used before and after the Google Dance is completed so you can track your marketing efforts to see if they are effective.
If your ranking does not change much from one month to the next, you may need to include more popular keywords, add additional pages, or take a closer look at which websites you are linking to as each of these methods will affect the way spiders index your site.
Even though Google's algorithm is unknown, you can find out more about it by monitoring your website for a few months and tracking where you stand in web rankings. Experimenting with links, blogs, and adding pages to your site may increase your ranking.
It is through experimentation that you can determine which techniques Google considers more valuable than others. You can also find valuable information by reading blogs about Google, SEO, and website design and maintenance.
All search engines use an algorithm to determine how sites are listed on search result pages. In order to increase your rank, you will have to continually market your site to increase awareness by consumers online and attract the attention of web spiders.
The Google Dance is just one example of how search engines try to include all websites in their index and how results are listed after a keyword search is conducted. If you want to succeed online, then you need to pay attention to your web ranking and find ways to improve it each month.
Because of the nature of PageRank, the calculations need to be performed about 40 times and, because the index is so large, the calculations take several days to complete. During this period, the search results fluctuate; sometimes minute-by minute. It is because of these fluctuations that the term, Google Dance, was coined. The dance usually takes place sometime during the last third of each month.
Google has two other servers that can be used for searching. The search results on them also change during the monthly update and they are part of the Google dance.
For the rest of the month, fluctuations sometimes occur in the search results, but they should not be confused with the actual dance. They are due to Google's fresh crawl and to what is known "Everflux".
Google has two other searchable servers apart from www.google.com. They are www2.google.com and www3.google.com. Most of the time, the results on all 3 servers are the same, but during the dance, they are different.
For most of the dance, the rankings that can be seen on www2 and www3 are the new rankings that will transfer to www when the dance is over. Even though the calculations are done about 40 times, the final rankings can be seen from very early on. This is because, during the first few iterations, the calculated figures merge to being close to their final figures.
You can see this with the Pagerank Calculator by checking the Data box and performing some calculations. After the first little iteration the search results on www2 and www3 may still change, but only slightly.
During the dance, the results from www2 and www3 will sometimes show on the www server, but only briefly. Also, new results on www2 and www3 can disappear for short periods. At the end of the dance, the results on www will match those on www2 and www3.
This Google Dance Tool allows you to check your rankings on www, www2 and www3 and on all 9 datacenters simultaneously.
The Google Web Directory works in combination of the Google Search Technology and the Netscape Open Directory Project which makes it possible to search the Internet organized by topic.
Google displays the pages in order of the rank given to it using the PageRank Technology. It not only searches the titles and descriptions of the websites, but searches the entire content of sites within a category, which ultimately delivers a comprehensive search to the users. Google also has a fully functional web directory which categorizes all the searches in order.
Google’s I’m Feeling Luck Button
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The I'm Feeling Lucky™ search button is recommended when searching for a highest ranked web page for a particular search. This saves time in searching for a webpage.
The Extremely Helpful Google Toolbar
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The Google Toolbar™ can seamlessly integrate with a user's web browser and be of quick assistance.
Pandora’s Box
Google enables its users to search for U.S. street maps immediately by just typing the street name in the query box.
Latest stock quotes are just a click away. Just type in the company ticker symbol or the name of one of the stock indices stock and mutual fund information and Google will return the relevant information in association with high-profile financial and trading concerns.
Google takes a snapshot of each page it examined as it crawls the web and stores or caches them as a back-up in case the original page is unavailable. This cached link always displays the page in the same manner as it was indexed and this is used by Google to match the relevancy of the page to the query submitted by the user. The "Cached" link will be missing for sites that have not been indexed, as well as for sites whose owners have requested Google not to cache their content.
Google offers a variety of special features which helps users to find exactly what they are looking which is all in addition to providing easy access to more than 3 billion web pages. The following is an overview of its key features:
Google Calculator
Google has a built-in calculator function which can be used to calculate mathematical expressions involving basic arithmetic, more complicated math, units of measure and conversions, physical constants and even hexadecimal and binary numbering systems. You can simply enter the expression you'd like evaluated in the search box and hit the Enter key or click the Google Search button.
Google Dictionary Definitions
When searching about any particular term, if the Google database has a definition or meaning for the term, then it will be highlighted with an underline on the results page. This definition is derived in association with a reliable dictionary source.
Google File Types
In addition to HTML files, Google search also supports 12 other formats such as PDF, Microsoft Office, PostScript, Corel WordPerfect, Lotus 1-2-3, and others. Additionally, Google also offers the user the ability to "View as HTML", which allows users to view these files in case the corresponding software is not installed on the user’s PC. It also eliminates the hazards of opening a virus-infected document.
Google News Headlines
While searching for a particular term, if that term is also in any of the current news, it is displayed as a separate news link on the results page. This is derived from various news providers who work in association with Google and who let Google monitor them.
A new offering – Advanced News Search
A new offering from Google - Advanced News Search, allows visitors to scour headlines by date, location, exact phrases or publication. People can use it retrieve articles from more than 4,500 news outlets publishing on the Web.
Advanced News Search lets visitors search for headlines using several parameters. Among other features, people can locate stories that contain an exact phrase, within the Unites States or abroad, or written by a specific publisher.
Similar Pages By Google
The results page also displays a link for ‘similar pages’ which uses the GoogleScout technology to explore the web for similar pages. This is particularly helpful if you have hit upon a page which has relevant content, but you want something similar but more.
Google Web Page Translation
This feature is particularly helpful if your search has non-English results. Google offers a facility to automatically translate a page for you in English. Currently, Google supports Italian, French, Spanish, German, and Portuguese languages.
Google SafeSearch Filtering
Google provides a SafeSearch option to filter pornographic contents from its results page. This is especially useful for shared computers which need to be protected for children surfing the Internet. Google’s technology tries to check keywords and phrases, URLs and Open Directory categories and eliminate these from the search results.
Google URL Submission
Google is primarily a fully-automatic search engine with no human-intervention involved in the search process. It utilizes robots known as ‘spiders’ to crawl the web on a regular basis for new updates and new websites to be included in the Google Index. This robot software follows hyperlinks from site to site. Google does not require that you should submit your URL to its database for inclusion in the index, as it is anyway done automatically by the ‘spiders’. However, manual submission of URL can be done by going to the Google website and clicking the related link.
One important thing here is that Google does not accept payment of any sort for site submission or improving page rank of your website. Also, submitting your site through the Google website does not guarantee listing in the index.
Search Engine Cloaking
Sometimes, a webmaster might program the server in such a way that it returns different content to Google than it returns to regular users, which is often done to misrepresent search engine rankings. This process is referred to as cloaking as it conceals the actual website and returns distorted webpages to search engines crawling the site. This can mislead users about what they'll find when they click on a search result. Google highly disapproves of any such practice and might place a ban on the website which is found guilty of cloaking.
The Important Google Guidelines
Here are some of the important tips and tricks that can be employed while dealing with Google.
Search Engine Optimization Do’s
A website should have crystal clear hierarchy and links and should preferably be easy to navigate.
A site map is required to help the users go around your site and in case the site map has more than 100 links, then it is advisable to break it into several pages to avoid clutter. Free Site Map Generator Here
Come up with essential and precise keywords and make sure that your website features relevant and informative content.
The Google crawler will not recognize text hidden in the images, so when describing important names, keywords or links; stick with plain text.
The TITLE and ALT tags should be descriptive and accurate and the website should have no broken links or incorrect HTML.
Dynamic pages (the URL consisting of a ‘?’ character) should be kept to a minimum as not every search engine spider is able to crawl them.
The robots.txt file on your web server should be current and should not block the Googlebot crawler. This file tells crawlers which directories can or cannot be crawled.
Search Engine Optimization Don’ts
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<!--[endif]--> When making a site, do not cheat your users, i.e. those people who will surf your website. Do not provide them with irrelevant content or present them with any fraudulent schemes.
Avoid tricks or link schemes designed to increase your site's ranking.
Do not employ hidden texts or hidden links.
Google frowns upon websites using cloaking technique. Hence, it is advisable to avoid that.
Automated queries should not be sent to Google.
Avoid stuffing pages with irrelevant words and content. Also don't create multiple pages, sub-domains, or domains with significantly duplicate content.
Avoid "doorway" pages created just for search engines or other "cookie cutter" approaches such as affiliate programs with hardly any original content.
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Google Services
Google Answers
http://answers.google.com/answers/
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Google Answers is an interesting cross between ‘online marketplace’ and probably a ‘virtual classroom’. Those who wish to participate must register with Google Answers. Here, the researchers who have considerable expertise in online researching provide answers to the queries posted by other users for a fee.
When a user posts a question, he or she also needs to mention the price the user is willing to pay in case the question is answered. When the question is answered by any user, then the payment is made accordingly to the user answering the question. Moreover, the questions and the discussion that ensues will be publicly viewable and other registered users can also share their opinions and insights.
There is a non-refundable listing fee of $0.50 per question plus an additional 'price' you set for your question that reflects how much you're willing to pay for an answer. Three-quarters of your question price goes directly to the Researcher who answers your question; the remaining 25 percent goes to Google to support the service.
Google Groups
http://groups.google.com/
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Google Groups is an online discussion forum and it contains the entire archive of Usenet discussion groups dating back to 1981. These discussions cover the full range of human dissertation and present a fascinating look at evolving viewpoints, debate and advice on every subject from politics to technology. Users can access all of this information all in a database that contains more than 800 million posts by using the search feature of Google.
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Google’s Image Search
http://images.google.com/
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Google offers a wide collection of images from around the web; its comprehensive database consists of more than 425 million images. All a user has to do is to enter a query in the image search box, then click on the "Search" button. On the results page, by clicking the thumbnail a larger version of the image can be seen, as well as the web page on which the image is located.
By default, Google's Image Search uses its mature content filter on the initial search by any user. The filter removes many adult images but it cannot guarantee that all such content will be filtered out. It is not possible to ensure with 100% accuracy that all mature content will be removed from image search results using filters.
Google analyzes the text on the page near the image, the image caption and dozens of other factors which enables it to determine the image content. Google also utilizes several sophisticated algorithms which make it possible to remove duplicates and it in turn ensures that the highest quality images are presented first in the results. Google’s Image search supports all the complex search strategies like Boolean operators, etc.
Google’s Catalog Search
http://catalogs.google.com/
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Google offers a unique service in the form of its Catalog Search. Google’s Catalog Search has made it easy to find information published in mail-order catalogs that were not previously available online. It includes the full content of hundreds of mail-order catalogs selling everything from industrial adhesives to clothing and home furnishings. Google’s Catalog Search can help you if you are looking to buy for either yourself or for your business.
The printed copies of catalogs are scanned and the text portion is converted into a format which makes it easy for users to search for the catalog. The same sophisticated algorithm employed by the Google Web Search is then employed to search for catalogs. This makes sure that most recent and relevant catalogs are displayed. Google is not associated with any catalog vendors and is not liable for any misuse of this service on part of the users.
Froogle / Google Product Search
http://www.google.com/products
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The word ‘froogle’ is a combination of the word ‘frugal’ which means ‘penny-wise’ or ‘economical’ and of course ‘Google’. Currently in its beta version, or testing format, Froogle is a recent concept put forth by Google. Google’s spidering software crawls the web looking for information about products for sale online. It does so by focusing entirely on product search and applying the power of Google's search technology to locate stores that sell items you want and consequently pointing you to that specific store.
Just like the Google Web Search, Froogle also ranks store sites based only on their relevance to the search terms entered by the users. Google does not accept payment for placement within their actual search results. Froogle also includes product information submitted electronically by merchants. Its search results are automatically generated by Google’s ranking software.
AltaVista has an index that is built by sending out a crawler (a robot program) that captures text and brings it back.
The main crawler is called "Scooter." Scooter sends out thousands of threads simultaneously. 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, Scooter and its cousins access thousands of pages at a time, like thousands of blind users grabbing text, pulling it back, throwing it into the indexing machines so the next day that text can be in the index. And at the same time, they pull off, from all those pages, every hyperlink that they find, to put in a list of where to go to next.
In a typical day Scooter and its cousins visit over 10 million pages. If there are a lot of hyperlinks from other pages to yours, that increases your chances of being found. But if this is your own personal site, or if this is a brand new Web page, that's not too likely.
AltaVista has in incredibly large database of Web sites, such that searches often return hundreds of thousands of Web site matches. AltaVista's spider goes down about three pages into your site. This is important to remember if you have different topical pages that won't be found within three clicks of the main page. You will have to index them separately.
You cannot tell Alta Vista how to index your site, it is all done via their spider, but you can go to their site and give the spider a nudge by submitting specific pages. That way, AltaVista's spider knows to visit that page and index it. Once you have done that, it's all up to your META tags and your page's content! AltaVista's spider may revisit your site each month after its initial visit.
AltaVista ranking algorithms reward keywords in the <TITLE> tag. If a keyword is not in a title tag, it will likely not appear anywhere near the top of the search results! AltaVista also rewards keywords near one another, and keywords near the beginning of a page
Add a Page To AltaVista
Adding a page through AltaVista’s Add URL form doesn’t guarantee that the page would be listed. It usually takes around 4 to 6 weeks to show up. You don't have to have any special authority to "add a page." This is not a directory, like Yahoo!, where the information provider has to submit information and has to prove they are who they say they are. You do not have to do this with AltaVista. It will go and check and bring back whatever text it finds at that address.
If you give it a URL for a page that doesn't exist, it will come back with Error 404, which means there is no such page. If that page was in the index, it will remove that page from the index the next day.
This is very important from several perspectives. Say you have changed the directory structure at your Web site. First, you should go to AltaVista and Add a Page for all the old addresses to remove the old information from the index. Then you should add a Page for all the new addresses. Also, if you made an embarrassing typo or posted a document that you shouldn't have, and removed that page from the Web, you can Add URL for that page at AltaVista to make sure the information is not perpetuated in the index.
What AltaVista doesn’t Index
AltaVista doesn't index everything. In fact, features that Web designers may add to sites at great expense may block crawlers, meaning that those pages will never be indexed and never be found through search engines. As a result, those sites may end up spending far more on promotion than they would have had to otherwise.
Here are some pages AltaVista doesn’t index. This only highlights the importance of using plain text for your web pages.
First, sites that require any kind of registration or password lock out AltaVista. Keep in mind that a web crawler cannot fill out a form of any kind. If you need to fill out a form to get to the next page, the crawler halts right there. If you would like to gather information about your users/members but would also like your pages to be indexed, make the registration optional.
Similarly, the AltaVista crawler cannot get content from a database, because it cannot fill out a form. If the content of your database is largely text, you might consider creating plain text static HTML pages with that same content, so it can be indexed and found.
<!--[if !vml]-->Dynamic pages also block AltaVista spiders. While it's great to give visitors to your site unique experiences, tailored to their needs, the techniques you use to do that could stop most search engines including AltaVista from indexing your content and hence could greatly reduce your potential traffic.
Dynamically generated pages are created on the fly from a variety of elements held in databases. When the AltaVista crawler arrives at such a page, it captures the content but halts immediately, and will not follow the links, because it sees ahead of it an infinite number of pages ahead -- a black hole that would bring it to a crash.
Active Server Pages (.asp) with question marks in their URLs (indicating that the page is a script for the construction of a page, rather than just static content) fall into this category.
If you have information inside frames, that will probably prove to be a hindrance, but is not an absolute barrier. AltaVista indexes the outside of the frame as a distinct page. It will also index each pane of the frame window as a separate page. That means that if the content matching a query is in a pane, when visitors clicking on those links will see the pane and only the pane -- not the full page as it was designed.
So if you want visitors from search engines to experience your pages the way they were intended to be seen, you should have non-frames as well as frames versions of those pages; and submit the non-frames versions with Add URL.
AltaVista also can't index text that is embedded in graphics. Search engines simply cannot "see" the text unless the Webmaster put ALT text behind the picture, describing it and listing those important words. But pictures, as pictures, can be indexed for Image search at AltaVista.
Text that appears in multi-media files (audio and video) cannot be indexed. But those same files can be indexed at AltaVista for Multimedia search.
Information that is generated by Java applets or in XML coding cannot be indexed. Acrobat files cannot be indexed either. But technology exists that will enable AltaVista to convert those files to index able form.
<!--[if !vml]-->Exceptionally large pages also present a problem at AltaVista. As a pragmatic compromise, intended to help optimize the performance of AltaVista, they fully index the first 64 Kbytes of text on any single page. They will harvest the hyperlinks from the whole document for following up later, but they will only index the first 64 Kbytes. So if you want to post an entire book, it's best to break it up into chapters, and then all the text can be indexed.
Comments, such as <!--change this every Friday-->, aren't indexed at all. Those are intended as private communications, not viewable by Web site visitors, except by using View/Page Source.
Also, consider technical factors. If a site has a slow connection, it might time-out for the crawler. Very complex pages, too, may time out before the crawler be able to harvest the text.
If you have a hierarchy of directories at your site, put the most important information high, not deep. AltaVista will presume that the higher you placed the information, the more important it is. And crawlers may not venture deeper than three or four or five directory levels.
Above all remember the obvious - full-text search engines such as AltaVista index text. You may well be tempted to use fancy and expensive design techniques that either block search engine crawlers or leave your pages with very little plain text that can be indexed.
What can be even more confusing is that every search engine and directory has a different way that they rank websites. This is what makes each search engine unique and valuable in their own right.
While there is no way to know everything about how each search engines rank and analyze your pages you can get a grasp of some of the basic concepts behind the operation of search engines and directories that will allow you to position the pages of your website a bit better.
Once you realize the general nature of how a search engine works you will have an upper hand in gearing your pages towards high rankings.
Each search engine has something called an algorithm which is the formula that each search engine uses to evaluate web pages and determine their relevance and value when they’re crawling sites for possible inclusion in their sear engine. A crawler is the robot that browses all of these pages for the search engine.
Google’s Algorithm As An Example
Google has a comprehensive and highly developed technology, a straightforward interface and a wide-ranging array of search tools which enable the users to easily access a variety of information online. Google users can browse the web and find information in various languages, retrieve maps, stock quotes and read news, search for a long lost friend using the phonebook listings available on Google for all of US cities and basically surf the 3 billion odd web pages on the internet!
Learn more about seo search engine optimization from Home Business IT @ http://www.homebusinessit.com/searchengineoptimization
Google boasts of having world’s largest archive of Usenet messages, dating all the way back to 1981. Google’s technology can be accessed from any conventional desktop PC as well as from various wireless platforms such as WAP and i-mode phones, handheld PDA devices and newer such Internet equipped gadgets like the I-Phone.
The web search technology offered by Google is often the technology of choice of the world’s leading portals and websites. It has also benefited the advertisers with its unique advertising program that does not hamper the web surfing experience of its users but still brings revenues to the advertisers.
When you search for a particular keyword or a phrase, most of the search engines return a list of page in order of the number of times the keyword or phrase appears on the website. Google web search technology involves the use of its indigenously designed PageRank Technology and hypertext-matching analysis which makes several instantaneous calculations undertaken without any human intervention. Google’s structural design also expands simultaneously as the internet expands.
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Unlike some other search engines, Google does not calculate links but utilizes the extensive link structure of the web as an organizational tool. When the link to a Page, lets say Site B is clicked from a Site A, then that click is attributed as a vote towards Site B on behalf of Site A. If Site A is a high ranked site, their “vote” for Site B carries even more weight. (Remember Back Links and Page Rank.)
Quintessentially, Google calculates the importance of a page by the number of such ‘votes’ it receive. Not only that, Google also assesses the importance of the pages that are involved in the voting process. Consequently, pages that are themselves ahead in ranking and are important in that way also help to make other pages important. One thing to note here is that Google’s technology does not involve human intervention in anyway and uses the inherent intelligence of the internet and its resources to determine the ranking and importance of any page.
Hypertext-Matching Analysis:
Unlike its conventional counterparts, Google is a search engine which is hypertext-based. This means that it analyzes all the content on each web page and factors in fonts, subdivisions, and the exact positions of all terms on the page. Not only that, Google also evaluates the content of its nearest web pages. This policy of not disregarding any subject matter pays off in the end and enables Google to return results that are closest to user queries.
Google has a very simple 3-step procedure in handling a query submitted in its search box.
When the query is submitted and the enter key is pressed, the web server sends the query to the index servers. Index server is exactly what its name suggests; it consists of an index much like the index of a book which displays where is the particular page containing the queried term is located in the entire book.
After this, the query proceeds to the doc servers, and these servers actually retrieve the stored documents. Page descriptions or “snippets” are then generated to suitably describe each search result.
These results are then returned to the user in less than a second!
Approximately once a month, Google update their index by recalculating the Pageranks of each of the web pages that they have crawled. The period during the update is known as the Google dance.
More On The Google Dance
The Google Dance, which occurs every thirty days or so, is monitored by webmasters and online business owners because of the changes made to page ranking. Because there are hundreds of new websites added to search engines each month, Google sends out web spiders that index each website through page titles, keywords, descriptions, and links to and from other sites. During this period, over 10,000 servers are checked for new and existing websites one at a time per GOOGLE data center, which makes the process a long one.
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In order for Google to accomplish this task, they have created multiple data centers located around the world that record information. It has been rumored that Google has also created two test websites called test domains www2 and www3 that review each website to make sure there are no flaws in their indexing system. If there are errors, the index is scrapped and web spiders are sent out again to collect information. Once the index has been checked, it is released to the public to search.
Web spiders are small programs or 'bots' that check all websites and their pages that are listed with a search engine. The best way to begin increasing your web ranking is to register your site with various search engines so your site can be counted when the Google Dance begins. NOTE: Making a site map available will allow GOOGLE bots to index more of your web site pages and more effectively. Web spiders read each page in a site and use hyperlinks to go from page to page. When designing your website, make sure you include hyperlinks to other pages on your site. Spiders will also read all titles, meta tags, and links to other websites. Once spiders are done reading your website, it will be indexed and included on search engine result pages.
Why does Google go through all this trouble when indexing websites? There are many answers to this question. The most obvious is the number of new websites that appear each month. In order give every website an equal shot at being listed near the top in search engine result pages, all websites must be acknowledged by Google's search engine. This is why web spiders are sent out each month. Once a list has been compiled, each website must be indexed to make it easier for searches to be conducted.
The second reason is to ensure that websites have an equal opportunity to receive a higher listing. Because there are a few ways to increase web rank, web spiders much also acknowledge when websites have made improvements to their sites, when they have added pages, links, and additional keywords.
Webmasters and others who monitor Internet activity wait for results each month from Google to see where their sites will be ranked and which methods to use next to improve them. It is unlikely that a top ranking website will remain there for long, so online marketing companies and others must keep improving their marketing techniques in order to receive a high ranking.
The third reason why Google conducts the Google Dance is to ensure that there are no rules to follow when creating a website and increasing web ranking. If there were rules, then how could each site receive top billing on search engine result pages? By changing their algorithm each month, Google is able to maintain a steady flow of web traffic by including certain marketing techniques and excluding others. While there are many online marketing strategists that are able to figure out ways to increase web rank, these techniques are often only good for a few months or less.
In addition to performing the dance each month, Google allows indexes to be viewed by the public and offers Google dance tools to make it easier to determine which pages will land on the top of most searches for the month. If you are new to online marketing, you should learn more about what it takes to create a site that ranks high on result pages and how to maintain your ranking.
You can use the Google Dance tool to check your web ranking in different countries, and in different data centers. This tool should be used before and after the Google Dance is completed so you can track your marketing efforts to see if they are effective.
If your ranking does not change much from one month to the next, you may need to include more popular keywords, add additional pages, or take a closer look at which websites you are linking to as each of these methods will affect the way spiders index your site.
Even though Google's algorithm is unknown, you can find out more about it by monitoring your website for a few months and tracking where you stand in web rankings. Experimenting with links, blogs, and adding pages to your site may increase your ranking.
It is through experimentation that you can determine which techniques Google considers more valuable than others. You can also find valuable information by reading blogs about Google, SEO, and website design and maintenance.
All search engines use an algorithm to determine how sites are listed on search result pages. In order to increase your rank, you will have to continually market your site to increase awareness by consumers online and attract the attention of web spiders.
The Google Dance is just one example of how search engines try to include all websites in their index and how results are listed after a keyword search is conducted. If you want to succeed online, then you need to pay attention to your web ranking and find ways to improve it each month.
Because of the nature of PageRank, the calculations need to be performed about 40 times and, because the index is so large, the calculations take several days to complete. During this period, the search results fluctuate; sometimes minute-by minute. It is because of these fluctuations that the term, Google Dance, was coined. The dance usually takes place sometime during the last third of each month.
Google has two other servers that can be used for searching. The search results on them also change during the monthly update and they are part of the Google dance.
For the rest of the month, fluctuations sometimes occur in the search results, but they should not be confused with the actual dance. They are due to Google's fresh crawl and to what is known "Everflux".
Google has two other searchable servers apart from www.google.com. They are www2.google.com and www3.google.com. Most of the time, the results on all 3 servers are the same, but during the dance, they are different.
For most of the dance, the rankings that can be seen on www2 and www3 are the new rankings that will transfer to www when the dance is over. Even though the calculations are done about 40 times, the final rankings can be seen from very early on. This is because, during the first few iterations, the calculated figures merge to being close to their final figures.
You can see this with the Pagerank Calculator by checking the Data box and performing some calculations. After the first little iteration the search results on www2 and www3 may still change, but only slightly.
During the dance, the results from www2 and www3 will sometimes show on the www server, but only briefly. Also, new results on www2 and www3 can disappear for short periods. At the end of the dance, the results on www will match those on www2 and www3.
This Google Dance Tool allows you to check your rankings on www, www2 and www3 and on all 9 datacenters simultaneously.
The Google Web Directory works in combination of the Google Search Technology and the Netscape Open Directory Project which makes it possible to search the Internet organized by topic.
Google displays the pages in order of the rank given to it using the PageRank Technology. It not only searches the titles and descriptions of the websites, but searches the entire content of sites within a category, which ultimately delivers a comprehensive search to the users. Google also has a fully functional web directory which categorizes all the searches in order.
Google’s I’m Feeling Luck Button
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The I'm Feeling Lucky™ search button is recommended when searching for a highest ranked web page for a particular search. This saves time in searching for a webpage.
The Extremely Helpful Google Toolbar
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The Google Toolbar™ can seamlessly integrate with a user's web browser and be of quick assistance.
Pandora’s Box
Google enables its users to search for U.S. street maps immediately by just typing the street name in the query box.
Latest stock quotes are just a click away. Just type in the company ticker symbol or the name of one of the stock indices stock and mutual fund information and Google will return the relevant information in association with high-profile financial and trading concerns.
Google takes a snapshot of each page it examined as it crawls the web and stores or caches them as a back-up in case the original page is unavailable. This cached link always displays the page in the same manner as it was indexed and this is used by Google to match the relevancy of the page to the query submitted by the user. The "Cached" link will be missing for sites that have not been indexed, as well as for sites whose owners have requested Google not to cache their content.
Google offers a variety of special features which helps users to find exactly what they are looking which is all in addition to providing easy access to more than 3 billion web pages. The following is an overview of its key features:
Google Calculator
Google has a built-in calculator function which can be used to calculate mathematical expressions involving basic arithmetic, more complicated math, units of measure and conversions, physical constants and even hexadecimal and binary numbering systems. You can simply enter the expression you'd like evaluated in the search box and hit the Enter key or click the Google Search button.
Google Dictionary Definitions
When searching about any particular term, if the Google database has a definition or meaning for the term, then it will be highlighted with an underline on the results page. This definition is derived in association with a reliable dictionary source.
Google File Types
In addition to HTML files, Google search also supports 12 other formats such as PDF, Microsoft Office, PostScript, Corel WordPerfect, Lotus 1-2-3, and others. Additionally, Google also offers the user the ability to "View as HTML", which allows users to view these files in case the corresponding software is not installed on the user’s PC. It also eliminates the hazards of opening a virus-infected document.
Google News Headlines
While searching for a particular term, if that term is also in any of the current news, it is displayed as a separate news link on the results page. This is derived from various news providers who work in association with Google and who let Google monitor them.
A new offering – Advanced News Search
A new offering from Google - Advanced News Search, allows visitors to scour headlines by date, location, exact phrases or publication. People can use it retrieve articles from more than 4,500 news outlets publishing on the Web.
Advanced News Search lets visitors search for headlines using several parameters. Among other features, people can locate stories that contain an exact phrase, within the Unites States or abroad, or written by a specific publisher.
Similar Pages By Google
The results page also displays a link for ‘similar pages’ which uses the GoogleScout technology to explore the web for similar pages. This is particularly helpful if you have hit upon a page which has relevant content, but you want something similar but more.
Google Web Page Translation
This feature is particularly helpful if your search has non-English results. Google offers a facility to automatically translate a page for you in English. Currently, Google supports Italian, French, Spanish, German, and Portuguese languages.
Google SafeSearch Filtering
Google provides a SafeSearch option to filter pornographic contents from its results page. This is especially useful for shared computers which need to be protected for children surfing the Internet. Google’s technology tries to check keywords and phrases, URLs and Open Directory categories and eliminate these from the search results.
Learn more about seo search engine optimization from Home Business IT @ http://www.homebusinessit.com/searchengineoptimization
Google URL Submission
Google is primarily a fully-automatic search engine with no human-intervention involved in the search process. It utilizes robots known as ‘spiders’ to crawl the web on a regular basis for new updates and new websites to be included in the Google Index. This robot software follows hyperlinks from site to site. Google does not require that you should submit your URL to its database for inclusion in the index, as it is anyway done automatically by the ‘spiders’. However, manual submission of URL can be done by going to the Google website and clicking the related link.
One important thing here is that Google does not accept payment of any sort for site submission or improving page rank of your website. Also, submitting your site through the Google website does not guarantee listing in the index.
Search Engine Cloaking
Sometimes, a webmaster might program the server in such a way that it returns different content to Google than it returns to regular users, which is often done to misrepresent search engine rankings. This process is referred to as cloaking as it conceals the actual website and returns distorted webpages to search engines crawling the site. This can mislead users about what they'll find when they click on a search result. Google highly disapproves of any such practice and might place a ban on the website which is found guilty of cloaking.
The Important Google Guidelines
Here are some of the important tips and tricks that can be employed while dealing with Google.
Search Engine Optimization Do’s
A website should have crystal clear hierarchy and links and should preferably be easy to navigate.
A site map is required to help the users go around your site and in case the site map has more than 100 links, then it is advisable to break it into several pages to avoid clutter. Free Site Map Generator Here
Come up with essential and precise keywords and make sure that your website features relevant and informative content.
The Google crawler will not recognize text hidden in the images, so when describing important names, keywords or links; stick with plain text.
The TITLE and ALT tags should be descriptive and accurate and the website should have no broken links or incorrect HTML.
Dynamic pages (the URL consisting of a ‘?’ character) should be kept to a minimum as not every search engine spider is able to crawl them.
The robots.txt file on your web server should be current and should not block the Googlebot crawler. This file tells crawlers which directories can or cannot be crawled.
Search Engine Optimization Don’ts
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<!--[endif]--> When making a site, do not cheat your users, i.e. those people who will surf your website. Do not provide them with irrelevant content or present them with any fraudulent schemes.
Avoid tricks or link schemes designed to increase your site's ranking.
Do not employ hidden texts or hidden links.
Google frowns upon websites using cloaking technique. Hence, it is advisable to avoid that.
Automated queries should not be sent to Google.
Avoid stuffing pages with irrelevant words and content. Also don't create multiple pages, sub-domains, or domains with significantly duplicate content.
Avoid "doorway" pages created just for search engines or other "cookie cutter" approaches such as affiliate programs with hardly any original content.
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Google Services
Google Answers
http://answers.google.com/answers/
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Google Answers is an interesting cross between ‘online marketplace’ and probably a ‘virtual classroom’. Those who wish to participate must register with Google Answers. Here, the researchers who have considerable expertise in online researching provide answers to the queries posted by other users for a fee.
When a user posts a question, he or she also needs to mention the price the user is willing to pay in case the question is answered. When the question is answered by any user, then the payment is made accordingly to the user answering the question. Moreover, the questions and the discussion that ensues will be publicly viewable and other registered users can also share their opinions and insights.
There is a non-refundable listing fee of $0.50 per question plus an additional 'price' you set for your question that reflects how much you're willing to pay for an answer. Three-quarters of your question price goes directly to the Researcher who answers your question; the remaining 25 percent goes to Google to support the service.
Google Groups
http://groups.google.com/
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Google Groups is an online discussion forum and it contains the entire archive of Usenet discussion groups dating back to 1981. These discussions cover the full range of human dissertation and present a fascinating look at evolving viewpoints, debate and advice on every subject from politics to technology. Users can access all of this information all in a database that contains more than 800 million posts by using the search feature of Google.
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Google’s Image Search
http://images.google.com/
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Google offers a wide collection of images from around the web; its comprehensive database consists of more than 425 million images. All a user has to do is to enter a query in the image search box, then click on the "Search" button. On the results page, by clicking the thumbnail a larger version of the image can be seen, as well as the web page on which the image is located.
By default, Google's Image Search uses its mature content filter on the initial search by any user. The filter removes many adult images but it cannot guarantee that all such content will be filtered out. It is not possible to ensure with 100% accuracy that all mature content will be removed from image search results using filters.
Google analyzes the text on the page near the image, the image caption and dozens of other factors which enables it to determine the image content. Google also utilizes several sophisticated algorithms which make it possible to remove duplicates and it in turn ensures that the highest quality images are presented first in the results. Google’s Image search supports all the complex search strategies like Boolean operators, etc.
Google’s Catalog Search
http://catalogs.google.com/
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Google offers a unique service in the form of its Catalog Search. Google’s Catalog Search has made it easy to find information published in mail-order catalogs that were not previously available online. It includes the full content of hundreds of mail-order catalogs selling everything from industrial adhesives to clothing and home furnishings. Google’s Catalog Search can help you if you are looking to buy for either yourself or for your business.
The printed copies of catalogs are scanned and the text portion is converted into a format which makes it easy for users to search for the catalog. The same sophisticated algorithm employed by the Google Web Search is then employed to search for catalogs. This makes sure that most recent and relevant catalogs are displayed. Google is not associated with any catalog vendors and is not liable for any misuse of this service on part of the users.
Froogle / Google Product Search
http://www.google.com/products
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The word ‘froogle’ is a combination of the word ‘frugal’ which means ‘penny-wise’ or ‘economical’ and of course ‘Google’. Currently in its beta version, or testing format, Froogle is a recent concept put forth by Google. Google’s spidering software crawls the web looking for information about products for sale online. It does so by focusing entirely on product search and applying the power of Google's search technology to locate stores that sell items you want and consequently pointing you to that specific store.
Just like the Google Web Search, Froogle also ranks store sites based only on their relevance to the search terms entered by the users. Google does not accept payment for placement within their actual search results. Froogle also includes product information submitted electronically by merchants. Its search results are automatically generated by Google’s ranking software.
AltaVista has an index that is built by sending out a crawler (a robot program) that captures text and brings it back.
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The main crawler is called "Scooter." Scooter sends out thousands of threads simultaneously. 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, Scooter and its cousins access thousands of pages at a time, like thousands of blind users grabbing text, pulling it back, throwing it into the indexing machines so the next day that text can be in the index. And at the same time, they pull off, from all those pages, every hyperlink that they find, to put in a list of where to go to next.
In a typical day Scooter and its cousins visit over 10 million pages. If there are a lot of hyperlinks from other pages to yours, that increases your chances of being found. But if this is your own personal site, or if this is a brand new Web page, that's not too likely.
AltaVista has in incredibly large database of Web sites, such that searches often return hundreds of thousands of Web site matches. AltaVista's spider goes down about three pages into your site. This is important to remember if you have different topical pages that won't be found within three clicks of the main page. You will have to index them separately.
You cannot tell Alta Vista how to index your site, it is all done via their spider, but you can go to their site and give the spider a nudge by submitting specific pages. That way, AltaVista's spider knows to visit that page and index it. Once you have done that, it's all up to your META tags and your page's content! AltaVista's spider may revisit your site each month after its initial visit.
AltaVista ranking algorithms reward keywords in the <TITLE> tag. If a keyword is not in a title tag, it will likely not appear anywhere near the top of the search results! AltaVista also rewards keywords near one another, and keywords near the beginning of a page
Add a Page To AltaVista
Adding a page through AltaVista’s Add URL form doesn’t guarantee that the page would be listed. It usually takes around 4 to 6 weeks to show up. You don't have to have any special authority to "add a page." This is not a directory, like Yahoo!, where the information provider has to submit information and has to prove they are who they say they are. You do not have to do this with AltaVista. It will go and check and bring back whatever text it finds at that address.
If you give it a URL for a page that doesn't exist, it will come back with Error 404, which means there is no such page. If that page was in the index, it will remove that page from the index the next day.
This is very important from several perspectives. Say you have changed the directory structure at your Web site. First, you should go to AltaVista and Add a Page for all the old addresses to remove the old information from the index. Then you should add a Page for all the new addresses. Also, if you made an embarrassing typo or posted a document that you shouldn't have, and removed that page from the Web, you can Add URL for that page at AltaVista to make sure the information is not perpetuated in the index.
What AltaVista doesn’t Index
AltaVista doesn't index everything. In fact, features that Web designers may add to sites at great expense may block crawlers, meaning that those pages will never be indexed and never be found through search engines. As a result, those sites may end up spending far more on promotion than they would have had to otherwise.
Here are some pages AltaVista doesn’t index. This only highlights the importance of using plain text for your web pages.
First, sites that require any kind of registration or password lock out AltaVista. Keep in mind that a web crawler cannot fill out a form of any kind. If you need to fill out a form to get to the next page, the crawler halts right there. If you would like to gather information about your users/members but would also like your pages to be indexed, make the registration optional.
Similarly, the AltaVista crawler cannot get content from a database, because it cannot fill out a form. If the content of your database is largely text, you might consider creating plain text static HTML pages with that same content, so it can be indexed and found.
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Dynamically generated pages are created on the fly from a variety of elements held in databases. When the AltaVista crawler arrives at such a page, it captures the content but halts immediately, and will not follow the links, because it sees ahead of it an infinite number of pages ahead -- a black hole that would bring it to a crash.
Active Server Pages (.asp) with question marks in their URLs (indicating that the page is a script for the construction of a page, rather than just static content) fall into this category.
If you have information inside frames, that will probably prove to be a hindrance, but is not an absolute barrier. AltaVista indexes the outside of the frame as a distinct page. It will also index each pane of the frame window as a separate page. That means that if the content matching a query is in a pane, when visitors clicking on those links will see the pane and only the pane -- not the full page as it was designed.
So if you want visitors from search engines to experience your pages the way they were intended to be seen, you should have non-frames as well as frames versions of those pages; and submit the non-frames versions with Add URL.
AltaVista also can't index text that is embedded in graphics. Search engines simply cannot "see" the text unless the Webmaster put ALT text behind the picture, describing it and listing those important words. But pictures, as pictures, can be indexed for Image search at AltaVista.
Text that appears in multi-media files (audio and video) cannot be indexed. But those same files can be indexed at AltaVista for Multimedia search.
Information that is generated by Java applets or in XML coding cannot be indexed. Acrobat files cannot be indexed either. But technology exists that will enable AltaVista to convert those files to index able form.
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Comments, such as <!--change this every Friday-->, aren't indexed at all. Those are intended as private communications, not viewable by Web site visitors, except by using View/Page Source.
Also, consider technical factors. If a site has a slow connection, it might time-out for the crawler. Very complex pages, too, may time out before the crawler be able to harvest the text.
If you have a hierarchy of directories at your site, put the most important information high, not deep. AltaVista will presume that the higher you placed the information, the more important it is. And crawlers may not venture deeper than three or four or five directory levels.
Above all remember the obvious - full-text search engines such as AltaVista index text. You may well be tempted to use fancy and expensive design techniques that either block search engine crawlers or leave your pages with very little plain text that can be indexed.
- Leon Edward
Learn more about seo search engine optimization from Home Business IT @ http://www.homebusinessit.com/searchengineoptimization.html
Leon Edward helps people to start, build, market and promote internet home business and ways to earn money at home at http://www.HomeBusinessIT.com Get Your free legitimate internet business kit bonuses and training articles, visit http://www.homebusinessit.com/newsletter/
Visit his Internet Business Ideas Store for Online Business Ideas , Home Business Reviews to Earn Money At Home . Visit his informative websites, Day Trading Made Easy , Facebook Business Applications , Buy and Sell Domain Names , Google Business Solution
Google Services Google Answers Google Groups <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><!--[endif]-->Google’s Image Search Google’s Catalog Search Froogle / Google Product Search Add a Page To AltaVista What AltaVista doesn’t Index <!--[if !vml]--><!--[if !vml]--> Google Services Google Answers Google Groups <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><!--[endif]-->Google’s Image Search Google’s Catalog Search Froogle / Google Product Search Add a Page To AltaVista What AltaVista doesn’t Index <!--[if !vml]--><!--[if !vml]--> Google’s I’m Feeling Luck Button The Extremely Helpful Google Toolbar Pandora’s Box Google Calculator Google Dictionary Definitions Google File Types Google News Headlines A new offering – Advanced News Search Similar Pages By Google Google Web Page Translation Google SafeSearch Filtering Learn more about seo search engine optimization from Home Business IT @ Google URL Submission Search Engine Cloaking The Important Google Guidelines Search Engine Optimization Do’s Search Engine Optimization Don’ts<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><!--[endif]--> <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><!--[endif]--> Google’s I’m Feeling Luck Button The Extremely Helpful Google Toolbar Pandora’s Box Google Calculator Google Dictionary Definitions Google File Types Google News Headlines A new offering – Advanced News Search Similar Pages By Google Google Web Page Translation Google SafeSearch Filtering Learn more about seo search engine optimization from Home Business IT @ Google URL Submission Search Engine Cloaking The Important Google Guidelines Search Engine Optimization Do’s Search Engine Optimization Don’ts<!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><!--[endif]--> <!--[if !supportLineBreakNewLine]--><!--[endif]-->